Bihar
Annual flooding from Himalayan rivers, recurring drought in southern districts and high climate sensitivity of paddy- and wheat-based farming define exposure. After the 2000 split from Jharkhand, the state retained about 75% of population on 54% of land — making it India's most densely populated state with severe climate-livelihood stress, where 9 of 10 people live in rural areas under acute poverty risks.
Nodal Department:Department of Environment & Climate Change
7
Missions
80
Activities
30
Indicators
18
Departments
State Profile
Districts
38
Area
94,163 km²
Population
104 Million
Region
East
Climate Zones
1
Avg Temperature
27°C
Annual Rainfall
1,230 mm
Forest Cover
7%
Bihar's Progress on NAPCC Indicators
National Solar Mission · Showing 1 of 1 indicators
Click any indicator to explore detailed year-wise progress
| Indicator | Unit | Current Status | Target by 2030 | Progress | Baseline Year (2021) | Last Updated | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Solar Power Deployment in the country | GW | 150.26 (as of 31.03.2026) | 292 | 51% | 49.35 (as of 31.12.2021) | 1 Dec 2025 |
About Bihar SAPCC
SAPCC Overview
Bihar's BAPCC was prepared by the Department of Environment & Forest with the State Steering Committee constituted in early 2011, supported by UNDP. The 22 June 2011 SSC meeting fixed seven focus sectors per PDF p.19: Agriculture and Animal Husbandry; Forests and Biodiversity; Water Resources and Disaster Management; Urban Development and Transport; Industries and Mining; Energy; and Human Health — each driven by sector-specific Working Groups. Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP, World Bank-supported) runs as a complementary rural-poverty livelihood programme.
Climate profile
- Bihar lies between 24°20'10"N–27°31'15"N and 82°19'50"E–88°17'40"E with diverse agro-climatic zones from North Alluvial to South Bihar Alluvial regions.
- Climate change risks include severe water shortages, flooding, melting Himalayan glaciers driving soil erosion, and shifts in crop growing seasons.
- Temperature increases threaten extinction risk for habitats and species (up to 30% with 2°C rise) and rising vector-borne disease distribution.
Climate stress at a glance
- Industry contributes only 4.63% to NSDP (vs national 20.16%); services 74.07% — economic structure makes Bihar acutely climate-sensitive on agriculture and rural livelihoods.
- 41.4% population below poverty line (2004–05); rural poverty deeper given 9-of-10 rural population concentration.
- Annual flooding from Himalayan rivers causes severe damage to housing, drainage, agriculture and public infrastructure.
Bihar Documents
Bihar State Action Plan on Climate Change
Department of Environment & Climate Change
Gender Transformative Approach to Livelihoods: A Toolkit
MoEFCC, Government of India — NAPCC 2.0
Guidelines for Floating Solar PV in India
MoEFCC, Government of India — NAPCC 2.0
Global Lessons for India's Adaptation Strategy
GIZ India — NAP/SAPCC